AN INTRODUCTION TO METEOROLOGY

‘very day, people are faced with various manifestations of weather. Depending on L—weather conditions, they adapt their planned activities. Weather manifestation is closely related to the state of the atmosphere, which has a wave nature. Changes in atmospheric conditions are reflected in the change of the basic meteorological elements and phenomena: temperature, pressure, humidity, density, water vapor and other. The scientific discipline that examines these atmospheric phenomena, stages and processes is called Meteorology". Basically, because it examines the physical processes that occur in the atmosphere, meteorology is often referred to as the "Physics of the Atmosphere". Many scientific publications and studies are devoted to the development and the examination of the basis of Meteorology , (Vujevic, 1948: Cadez, 1973: Milosavljevic, 1985; Anthes, 1996; Henjitt, and Jackson, 2002, Houghton, 2002; Curie, 2006, Ackerman andKnotz, 2007, Krueger, 2007; Cohen, 2008; Saha, 2008).The key motivation for writing this textbook derives from the need for comprehensive and ystematic way of describing all the important atmospheric phenomena and processes that constitute the modern concept of meteorology.Standard, theoretical and elementary approach gradually adapts the reader into the subject. Furthermore, the essential elements of mathematics are used, in order to easily present certain phenomena and processes in the atmosphere. The writing is primarily intended for students of physics, Meteorology Croup, or those who attend the general course Meteorology. Yet again, this book is designed for a wider circle of readers, starting from primary education, secondary and higher education, to all those interested in meteorology who want to find useful information, content and interpretation of certain global phenomena and processes occurring in the atmosphere of our planet. With an exceptionally readable, comprehensive and extensive illustrative and interesting approach, it describes the basic characteristics of the atmosphere, including weather, climate and climate change.The book begins with the definition of the subject and the tasks of meteorology, methods of research, classification of meteorology and the relation between meteorology and other sciences. It also contains chapters on the historical overview, structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, energy and radiation in the atmosphere, the energy budget of the Earth, the basis of the thermodynamics of the atmosphere, air temperature and its variations. The book covers all the major topics of atmospheric humidity, condensation and formation of clouds, their classification as well as an explanation of the process of formation of precipitation. Consisting of chapters devoted to atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric pressure, wind and general atmospheric circulation, and patterns of global atmospheric circulation, it explains the Hadley cell circulation model, the ocean circulation, heat, cold currents and the phenomenon "El-Nino-Southern Oscillation, air masses and fronts, cyclones, anticyclones and tropical cyclones. The book also contains basic information about natural disasters related to weather, water and climate, optical phenomena in the atmosphere-photometers. Climate and climate change, complexity of climate system, climate models, the modern watching of climate change, reenhouse effect and global warming, are considered with a special attention. A chapter in this book is specially devoted to the weather forecast, the methods and techniques of analysis and forecasting of weather, development and application of numerical weather prediction. The 23rd chapter describes the meteorological measurements and observations, modern instruments and devices used to measure atmospheric phenomena, radar and satellite measurements and observations of the atmosphere. The last chapter deals with global pollution, aerosols and the factors affecting the pollution source of atmospheric gases and aerosol